Question 1

​What does my cat/dog/pet adoption fee include?

Accepted Answer

While being an animal guardian is an invaluable experience, there are certain costs associated with adopting your pet. The adoption fee that we charge helps to cover a portion of our cost of caring for animals, while we find them loving homes. Adoption fees vary by animal and by branch. For specific fees in your region, check with your local branch. Below is a list of what is included in each adoption fee, by type of animal. Search for adoptable animals now >>

Dog adoption fees include:

An in-shelter physical performed by staff
Temperament assessment
Behaviour profile
First round of standard shelter "core" vaccinations (does not include rabies)**
Flea and other external parasite treatments as required
Routine deworming and other internal parasite treatments as required
Spay or neuter surgery (a voucher may be provided for pediatric surgeries at select locations)
Microchip identification implant and lifetime registration with the BC Pet Registry*
Certificate for a free veterinarian examination (at participating veterinary clinics & select locations)
Sample bag of food and coupon provided by Hill's Pet Nutrition as fed in shelter
Six week free trial of pet insurance provided by Petsecure Pet Health Insurance
Medical treatment if required while in our care
Daily in-shelter care and monitoring

*All BC SPCA dog adoptions include a microchip and lifetime registration with the BC Pet Registry. Registration is $45 for lifetime protection which will be added on top of the adoption fee. **Standard "core" shelter vaccinations for dogs include: distemper, adenovirus 2, parvovirus, parainfluenza and bordetella (kennel cough)

happy golden retriever lying on a cushion couch indoors getting pets from a man

Cat adoption fees include:

An in-shelter physical performed by staff
First round of standard shelter "core" vaccinations (does not include rabies or feline leukemia)**
Flea and other external parasite treatments as required
Routine deworming and other internal parasite treatments as required
Spay or neuter surgery (a voucher may be provided for pediatric surgeries at select locations)
Microchip identification implant and lifetime registration with the BC Pet Registry*
Certificate for a free veterinarian examination (at participating veterinary clinics & select locations)
Sample bag of food and coupon provided by Hill's Pet Nutrition as fed in shelter
Six week free trial of pet insurance provided by Petsecure Pet Health Insurance
Their Hide, Perch & Go™ box (a cat's personal temporary pet carrier)
Medical treatment if required while in our care
Daily in-shelter care and monitoring

*All BC SPCA cat adoptions include a microchip and lifetime registration with the BC Pet Registry. Registration is $45 for lifetime protection which will be added on top of the adoption fee. **Standard "core" shelter vaccinations for cats include: rhinotracheitis, calicivirus and panleukopenia.

Pretty cat with spotted fur looking up lying down on the floor

Rabbit adoption fees include:

An in-shelter physical performed by staff
Spay or neuter surgery (a voucher may be provided for surgeries at select locations)
Microchip identification implant and lifetime registration with the BC Pet Registry*
Certificate for a free veterinarian examination (at participating veterinary clinics & select locations)
Medical treatment if required while in our care
Daily in-shelter care and monitoring

*All BC SPCA rabbit adoptions include a microchip and lifetime registration with the BC Pet Registry. Registration is $11.25 for lifetime protection which will be added on top of the adoption fee.

Small pet & bird adoption fees include:

An in-shelter physical performed by staff
Certificate for a free veterinarian examination (at participating veterinary clinics & select locations)
Medical treatment if required while in our care
Daily in-shelter care and monitoring

Horse adoption fees include:

An intake exam performed by a veterinarian
A nutritional assessment and individualized feed plan
Certificate for complimentary nutritional consult, bag of feed and treats from Otter Co-op (at participating stores & select locations)
Castration of intact male horses
Hoof assessment and regular trimming while in our care
Lice and other external parasite treatments as required
Routine deworming and other internal parasite treatments as required
Medical treatment if required while in our care
Daily in-shelter care and monitoring

Farm animal adoption fees include:

An intake exam performed by a veterinarian
A nutritional assessment and individualized feed plan
Castration of intact male farm animals
Hoof assessment and regular trimming while in our care
Lice and other external parasite treatments as required
Routine deworming and other internal parasite treatments as required
Medical treatment if required while in our care
Daily in-shelter care and monitoring

Question 2

How do I know if an animal is available or if it has already been adopted?

Accepted Answer

To view all available adoptable animals, please see our adoptable animal listings. When an animal is adopted, it will be removed from the listing. Please note, even though this website is live and updates frequently, we cannot ensure the animal is still available for adoption when you arrive at the shelter. There is a chance the animal may have been adopted by the time you arrive, or another party might be going through the adoption process at the time. For more information, please contact the branch caring for the animal, as listed on the animal's profile page.

Question 3

What does it mean to foster an animal? How do I apply?

Accepted Answer

Fostering an animal means you take a BC SPCA animal into your home and care for them for us. While they’re in your home, we provide you with food and medical care until the pet is available for adoption. Foster families help animals recover from illnesses/injuries or provide them with socialization and love. If you are unsure about adopting an animal, or unable to make the commitment at this time, fostering can be a great way to bring animals into your life. While fostering is temporary, many foster families fall in love with the animal in their care and decide to adopt them. injured dog

Some general things we look for in foster families:

Length of commitment from a couple of days to several weeks
Ability to spend time with the animal every day
Daily monitoring of the animal as needed
Ability to accommodate time to transport the animal, as needed, for appointments, treatments and weigh-ins

Fostering opportunities

Nursing dog with puppies
Nursing cat with kittens
Orphaned kittens or puppies
Sick or injured animals needing medical care
Animals needing help with behaviour issues
Puppies and kittens too young to be in the shelter
Horses and other farm animals

If you are 19 years of age or older, you can view foster care opportunities and apply to become a foster guardian. Learn more about our program, download fostering for the BC SPCA (PDF) and watch the video below. For questions about fostering horses and other farm animals, email rescues@spca.bc.ca or fill out our horse and farm animal foster application form. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I3jKOWLpN30

Question 4

​Should I buy a puppy from a pet store?

Accepted Answer

Read our position on the sale of pets from pet stores (PDF).

What are the concerns with buying from a pet store?

You don't know where the animals came from. What if they were living in filth and their mothers were abused or neglected? They might have costly genetic (PDF), health and behaviour problems their entire lives. Learn more about good and bad breeders.
Many stores carry animals that they have no expertise or knowledge to care for. These animals are not given the Five Freedoms. Many just want a safe place to hide and rest and enough space and things to do. Often, cramped housing conditions don’t meet even their most basic needs.
When animals are transported to the pet store, they are often in cramped containers. Many animals, especially small animals like fish and gerbils, will die during transport.
If you buy from a pet store, you are creating a space for another animal to be brought in, continuing a cycle of pain and suffering.

Puppy dog looking sad behind a gate cage

What happens to pet store animals who aren’t sold?

Just like with inventory in retail, animals go on sale. If the animal is marked down and no one purchases her, the store may give the animal away or try to return her to the breeder. After a very low cost sale of an animal that has high care costs, the store will think twice and will not purchase another, be it a puppy, turtle or gecko. Cute rat in cage with hands over bars looking over opening of cage

Cute rat in cage with hands over bars looking over opening of cage

Are you worried about the well-being of an animal you saw in a pet store?

If you believe an animal you have seen may be in distress, call the BC SPCA Provincial Call Centre at 1-855-622-7722.

Question 5

​How do I find a good breeder?

Accepted Answer

If a breeder asks to meet you in a shopping mall, parking lot or somewhere else away from their breeding facility to get your new pet, DO NOT purchase from this person. Print out our guide (PDF) to take with you to a breeder's home or facility. Have you been lied to by a breeder? Report them. Call the BC SPCA Provincial Call Centre 1-855-622-7722. puppy in pet store cage

Signs of a reputable breeder

Gladly shows you their entire home or facility where animals are kept, and introduces you to all their animals — both adults and offspring — including the mother of the pet you are considering purchasing
Openly talks about positive and negative traits of the breed
Provides veterinary records that show that the animals are healthy
The home or facility is clean and spacious, with the opportunity for the animals to receive regular exercise and socialization outside of their kennels/cages
The person breeding the animals specializes in one or two breeds
A good breeder will ask you questions about your lifestyle and experience to ensure you're a good match

Good breeders of puppies and kittens:

Do not breed females who are too young or too old. Generally dogs and cats should not be bred at less than 18 months and should only be bred once in every two heat cycles
Expose puppies and kittens to household noises and new experiences, ensure they are handled gently by many different people and are kept clean, warm and well fed
Send puppies and kittens to new homes at eight weeks of age or, preferably, at 10 weeks
Are knowledgeable about common heritable (genetic) disorders in the breed and will discuss how they breed and test to avoid the disorders
Provide, at no extra charge, valid paperwork for registration and veterinary records, including vaccinations and deworming, for the puppy or kitten you are purchasing
Ask you to return the puppy or kitten to them if it does not work out

Signs of a bad breeder

Agrees to sell you a puppy or a kitten without meeting you (e.g. over the phone) and doesn’t allow you to come and meet them and/or their animals before purchase
Sells their animals to pet stores or brokers
Has run-down or crowded facilities, is reluctant to show you their facilities or has dirty, unhealthy and/or fearful animals
Sells animals without vaccinations and deworming and veterinary check, or guarantees against health problems including genetic defects
Claims an animal is purebred but does not have the registration to prove it
Will not take an animal back if a problem arises or offers another animal if the first one gets sick, rather than helping with your veterinary bills

Question 6

​How does the BC SPCA help horses?

Accepted Answer

Horses and farm animals come into the BC SPCA's care through cruelty investigations. Sadly, they are usually in poor condition. In many cases they require extensive nutritional and medical rehabilitation due to starvation and health issues. The BC SPCA has the extremely difficult challenge of finding care for these horses and adopting them out to experienced, permanent homes. In 2015 the Cruelty Investigations Department opened the Good Shepherd Barn in Cloverdale and the Kelowna Recovery and Adoption Barn to accommodate horses and farm animals involved in cruelty investigations. A third farm animal facility is being planned for Nanaimo. The BC SPCA does not have the resources to take in surrendered horses and farm animals at this time. We rely heavily on donations to provide foster homes and boarding facilities for horses in our care. Other expenses include food, veterinary and farrier care during rehabilitation and recovery from injuries or illness. person walking with horse outside

Question 7

Can I adopt an animal as a gift for someone?

Accepted Answer

The quick answer is yes! However, you still have to meet our four non-negotiable factors and the animal needs to be matched to the person receiving the animal as a gift. Please visit your local BC SPCA shelter or check out our adoptable animals. Learn more, watch our video on giving pets as gifts: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oufqN331Xco

Question 8

​I'm interested in adopting a specific breed of animal, do you keep a wait list?

Accepted Answer

Due to the number of adoption queries we receive at our shelters, we are unable to keep wait lists for certain breeds of animals, puppies or kittens. However, on our adoptable animals page, you can request an email notification when a certain breed of animal becomes available for adoption.

Question 9

​What does it cost to adopt an animal from the BC SPCA?

Accepted Answer

While being an animal guardian is an invaluable experience, there are certain costs associated with adopting your pet. The adoption fee that we charge helps to cover our cost of caring for animals, while we find them loving homes. Search for adoptable animals now >> Adoption fees vary by animal and by branch. For specific fees in your region, check with your local branch or learn more about what’s included in your adoption fee. Young cute kitten being held cuddles up against girl

Young cute kitten being held cuddles up against girl

Question 10

​How long does it take to adopt an animal from the BC SPCA?

Accepted Answer

Every adoption is unique and the time it takes to adopt varies. Some animals can go home the same day if they are successfully matched. Visit our adoptable animals section to start your search today.

Question 11

​What is the BC SPCA's average cost of care for dogs and cats?

Accepted Answer

The average dog that comes into the care of the BC SPCA receives:

In-shelter physical
Temperament assessment
Behaviour profile
First round of standard shelter "core" vaccinations* (does not include rabies)
Flea and external parasite treatment as required
Routine deworming and other internal parasite treatment as required
Spay or neuter surgery
Medical treatment if required while in our care
Daily in-shelter care and monitoring
Housing
Feeding
Cleaning and supplies

Average cost of care for dogs based on an average length of stay of nine days: $445. Please note that this is not the adoption fee. Adoption fees vary based on location. Please check with your nearest branch. *Standard "core" shelter vaccinations for dogs include: distemper, adenovirus 2, parvovirus, parainfluenza and bordetella (kennel cough) A beautiful moment between a dog and a woman lying on a carpet indoors cuddling

A beautiful moment between a dog and a woman lying on a carpet indoors cuddling

The average cat that comes into the care of the BC SPCA receives:

In-shelter physical
First round of standard shelter "core" vaccinations** (does not include rabies)
Flea and external parasite treatment as required
Routine deworming and other internal parasite treatment as required
Spay or neuter surgery
Medical treatment if required while in our care
Daily in-shelter care and monitoring
Hide, Perch & Go™ box
Housing
Feeding
Cleaning and supplies

Average cost of care for cats based on an average length of stay of 18 days: $455 Please note that this is not the adoption fee. Adoption fees vary based on location. Please check with your nearest branch. **Standard "core" shelter vaccinations for cats include: rhinotracheitis, calicivirus and panleukopenia.

Question 12

​Why does the BC SPCA charge money for adoptions?

Accepted Answer

The BC SPCA charges adoption fees to help us offset the cost of caring for the animals, but it doesn't cover the whole cost. Learn more about our average cost of care for cats and dogs and find out what's included when you adopt a pet from the BC SPCA. Smiling dog outdoors wearing a collar with mouth open being pet and cuddled by a girl

Smiling dog outdoors wearing a collar with mouth open being pet and cuddled by a girl

Question 13

​Can the BC SPCA move an animal to a shelter closer to me?

Accepted Answer

The BC SPCA Drive for Lives program transfers more than 4,000 animals each year between our [text-blocks id="1033" slug="number-bc-spca-locations" plain="1"] locations in B.C. Depending on your location, and the location and status of the animal you're interested in, we may be able to bring the animal to a shelter closer to you. Please contact your local shelter to learn more.

Question 14

Do serval cats make good house pets?

Accepted Answer

Although serval cats are not included in the provincial Controlled Alien Species Legislation, that doesn't mean they should be kept as pets. Native to many parts of Africa, serval cats roam savannahs and wetlands hunting for prey. The best way to see one is always in the wild! These wild cats are not much bigger than a medium-size dog, but they still retain their wild instincts and are cunning escape artists - they are definitely not appropriate house pets. They are difficult to contain in a home or enclosure setting, and pose a risk to people, children and other pets. Their own safety is also in jeopardy in captivity. Escaped servals have died by being hit by cars or of starvation, since they never had the opportunity to learn how to hunt. Serval cats are strong, fast and have an incredible capacity for jumping. In the wild, servals will leap high into the air to catch flying birds, and can slap fish hard enough to stun them. They are not easily house-trained, and will frequently mark their territory with urine. It is extremely challenging to provide for the nutritional and veterinary needs of a wild cat like a serval in captivity. Without their needs met, they experience poor welfare. There are no accredited sanctuaries in Canada for servals. Their breeding is unregulated and animal welfare organizations are not equipped to house these wild cats. The BC SPCA has always opposed the declawing of cats. Declawing painfully removes the nails and bones of the toes – comparable to amputating human’s fingers at the last knuckle. In the past, serval cats were declawed when kept as pets, but declawing has since been banned by the College of Veterinarians of British Columbia (CVBC). This means serval cats pose an even greater risk to people and pets in the home. They may scratch while attempting to play, or out of frustration because their wild needs aren't met. The BC SPCA encourages municipalities and governments to adopt exotic pet laws that prohibit the keeping of serval cats. [caption id="attachment_2480" align="aligncenter" width="1324"]

The Wildcat Sanctuary[/caption]

Subscribe to the BC SPCA's WildSense e-newsletter for more information:

[ls_content_block id="42829"]

Question 15

Can I adopt a mini pig from the BC SPCA?

Accepted Answer

To adopt a pig or any other animal from the BC SPCA, please visit our adoptions page. But before you adopt a pig, please consider the diversity of pig needs, which are much different from the needs of a pet dog or cat. For example:

How big should you expect a mini, micro or teacup pig to actually grow?
What kind of manners do pigs have - how do they behave?
Are pigs compatible with other pets?
What do pigs eat?
Who will be your pig's vet, and does your local vet accept pig patients?
Should you get a pet pig spayed or neutered?
What type of house-training is required?
What costs are involved?

Get the answer to these and other important questions on our pet pig information page.

Question 16

How do I adopt chickens from the BC SPCA?

Accepted Answer

To adopt a chicken or any other animal from the BC SPCA, please visit our adoptions page. But before you decide to raise your own backyard chickens, please consider the following:

Does your municipality allow the keeping of backyard chickens?
What do chickens eat? What should you feed to chickens?
Do you have access to suitable veterinary care in your community?
What do you plan to do with your chickens once they stop laying eggs?
How will you protect your chickens from bad weather and natural predators?
What are you going to do with all that chicken poo?
What are the risks associated with owning chickens?
How do you transport a chicken? Do you know how to humanely catch a chicken?

Get the answer to these and other important questions on our urban chickens information page.

Question 17

What is an offsite/satellite adoption centre?

Accepted Answer

To give adopters more adoption locations and to help more animals find their forever homes, the BC SPCA partners with local pet retailers and veterinary clinics that host offsite adoption centres. Offsite adoption centres are a great option for people that are not comfortable with visiting a shelter. View a list of our adoption partner locations. Veterinary clinics or other retailers interested in becoming an BC SPCA satellite adoption site are invited to call the BC SPCA at 604-681-7271. Search for adoptable animals now >> Fluffy cute cat looking up into the camera lens

Fluffy cute cat looking up into the camera lens

Question 18

Should I adopt or buy a dog online?​

Accepted Answer

No, buying an animal you have never seen in person can be dangerous (PDF). In pictures and descriptions, the animal might appear to be cute, happy and healthy. However, once you've exchanged money and the animal is shipped to you, you might be in trouble - search for animals to adopt from your local BC SPCA shelter instead. Curious cute black puppy dog lying on carpet indoors next to a basket

Curious cute black puppy dog lying on carpet indoors next to a basket

Issues related to buying an animal you've never met

The animal might not be socialized to people or could have behaviour problems. This means they could bite or scratch and might never enjoy your company!
An animal that looks healthy can be deceiving. They could have worms, parasites or even genetic diseases (PDF) with high costs and long-term heartache.
What if the animal isn't a good fit with you and your family? Are you prepared to put them through the process of being returned? What would you do instead?

If you're buying from a rescue, make sure you meet the animal in person - even if you have to drive for many hours to do so. Ask the rescue some key questions to make sure this animal is a good fit for you and your family. If you're buying from a breeder, visit the breeder's home and facility. Do not trust pictures or scans of documents, these can easily be falsely created.

Question 19

​Can the BC SPCA recommend other rescue groups?

Accepted Answer

The BC SPCA does not certify or recommend other rescue groups.

What makes a shelter or rescue reputable?

They assess the animal's behaviour

An adoption matching process helps to ensure the animal is the right match for you and your lifestyle.
The animal has had a behavioural assessment or close behaviour monitoring to learn about what they need and identify any behavioural problems. They can provide a record of it.
Ideally, they know if the animal is a good fit for a household with cats, dogs and young children.

They consider the animal's health

The rescue provides adequate veterinary care prior to your adoption. You should expect a cat or dog to be spayed or neutered, vaccinated, de-wormed and given permanent identification. Rabbits should be spayed or neutered.
Health and medical records provided show an ongoing relationships with a veterinarian or veterinarians.
The rescue does not exceed its capacity to provide humane care for animals. All animals receive proper care, cleaning, feeding, exercise and enrichment.
Housing for the animals is clean and sanitary, with space to move around and act naturally.

They address the adopter's concerns

A return policy states they are willing to accept the animal back at any time if the adoption does not work out and this is clearly written somewhere.
The rescue is transparent about medical and behavioural problems and expected future needs.

Questions to ask before you foster or adopt an animal through a rescue

What is the animal's history?
What are his or her medical and behavioural issues? Does he or she have separation anxiety or aggression?
Is the animal house trained?
What happens if it doesn't work out?

If the animal is from another country, ask what diseases and parasites he or she has been tested for. Be sure to reach out to a veterinarian and discuss the risks for the animal itself and the animals they might come in contact with in your home or in public.

If fostering, ask:

How long am I expected to foster for?
What do you provide and what am I expected to pay for?
What do I do if there is a medical emergency? If I have a problem, who do I contact?

Question 20

​Can I have a pet monkey?

Accepted Answer

It is illegal to keep monkeys and other primates as pets in B.C. They are listed as Controlled Alien Species under provincial legislation. Monkeys are social and live in groups with their families. Removing babies or adults from this group is distressing for all the individuals. When choosing a pet, people often don't think about how big the animals will get and how long they will live. When the care responsibilities become unmanageable, the animals are often surrendered to a shelter or refuge - if these locations are not already full. The BC SPCA does not support keeping or breeding exotic animals as pets due to their unique physical and emotional needs. These animals often suffer in care because of their specialized needs. Exotic pets are often taken from the wild, and may suffer or die during capture or transport. When people capture animals from the wild, they also disturb fragile ecosystems and threaten species' survival. Read our position on exotic companion animals (PDF). Read more about the BC Government's Controlled Alien Species Regulations.

Question 21

​Can I have a pet pygmy marmoset?

Accepted Answer

It is illegal to keep any primate, including pygmy marmosets or bushbabies, as pets in B.C. They are listed as a Controlled Alien Species under provincial legislation. Primates are very social and live in groups with their families. Removing babies or adults from this group is distressing for all the individuals. The BC SPCA does not support keeping or breeding exotic animals as pets due to their unique physical and emotional needs. These animals often suffer in care because of their specialized needs. Exotic pets are often taken from the wild, and may suffer or die during capture or transport. When people capture animals from the wild, they also disturb fragile ecosystems and threaten species' survival. Read our position on exotic companion animals (PDF). Read more about the BC Government's Controlled Alien Species Regulations.

Question 22

​Can I have a wolf-dog hybrid?

Accepted Answer

It is illegal to keep or sell a wolf as a pet in B.C. Some dogs are sold as wolf-dog hybrids for thousands of dollars, but they are really just dogs and have little to no wild wolf in them. The BC SPCA is opposed to keeping, breeding and importing wolf-dog hybrids as pets. Cross-breeding a wolf and dog counteracts 12,000 years of domestication. These animals are difficult to train and contain, and often show aggression toward other animals and humans. Wolf-dogs already kept as pets should be spayed/neutered, fully vaccinated, contained in secure runs or pens, and muzzled when not contained. These animals need a high level of care that is difficult to achieve, and they do not make good pets. Read our position on wolf-dog hybrids. [caption id="attachment_7108" align="alignright" width="4968"]

Photo by John E. Marriott[/caption]

Question 23

​Can I have a wild or exotic animal as a pet?

Accepted Answer

Under provincial and federal law, it is illegal to keep a wild animal, as designated under the BC Wildlife Act, as a pet. Very rarely, the provincial government issues permits for the personal possession of wild animals. The BC SPCA does not support keeping wild or exotic animals as pets due to their unique physical and emotional needs. Both types of animals - those found wild in Canada and those exotic in Canada but wild to other countries - will suffer in care because of their specialized needs. Under provincial law, it is illegal to keep certain dangerous exotic animals like tigers, primates or crocodiles as pets. Many cities also have exotic animal bylaws that make it illegal to keep some or all exotic pets. Check with your local municipality for a list of banned exotic animals. Read more about exotic animals and the law. If you are concerned about someone owning a wild or exotic animal illegally, please contact our Provincial Call Centre at 1-855-622-7722. [caption id="attachment_2092" align="aligncenter" width="825"]

Wild northern pygmy owl hunting in snowy weather sitting on a wood post with a dead prey

Photo credit: Tania Simpson[/caption]

Question 24

​Can I adopt a horse from the BC SPCA?

Accepted Answer

Yes, you can adopt horses from the BC SPCA. Horses come into the care of the BC SPCA as a result of cruelty investigations. These horses are rehabilitated on-site at the BC SPCA Good Shepherd Barn, the Kelowna Recovery & Adoption Barn, or in foster homes across the province. Interested in fostering horses? Apply to become a foster home online. Viewings are by appointment. A completed adoption application and a home check are required as part of the adoption process. Adoption fees vary from $250 to $750, or more. Basic medical exams are performed by a veterinarian when horses are in our care; however, it is recommended that potential adopters carry out pre-purchase exams when considering horse adoption. Search for horses now >>

Question 25

​How much does caring for horses cost the BC SPCA?

Accepted Answer

It costs the BC SPCA $40 per day to care for a horse. In addition to this, there are other costs of care:

Intake exam and blood work when necessary: $150+
Hoof trimming every 4-6 weeks: $40 per trim
Internal and external parasite treatment/control: $20
Castration of intact male horses: $500
Other medical care/medications as needed

Question 26

Do you have gift cards?

Accepted Answer

YES! Gift cards are available for our online shop. Please note that gift cards can only be applied to products in the online store and can not be applied to adoption fees at this time.

Question 27

​What power does the BC SPCA have in enforcing animal cruelty laws?

Accepted Answer

PCA Act

The BC SPCA derives its powers to investigate and take action in instances of animal cruelty from the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Act (PCA Act). We are the only animal welfare organization in B.C. with the authority to enforce laws relating to animal cruelty and to recommend charges to Crown Counsel for the prosecution of those who inflict suffering on animals. Sad dog outdoors looking through the hole of a fence

Sad dog outdoors looking through the hole of a fence

Criminal Code of Canada

It is a crime in Canada to intentionally harm animals. Anyone who deliberately harms animals can be charged under the Criminal Code of Canada. The Criminal Code of Canada deals specifically with cruelty to animals in sections 444 to 447. Our Cruelty Investigations team can recommend charges for Crown Counsel for the prosecution of individuals who inflict suffering on animals under the Criminal Code of Canada. Ginger kitten close up shot looking sad

Question 28

​Should I buy a puppy from a pet store?

Accepted Answer

Read our position on the sale of pets from pet stores (PDF).

What are the concerns with buying from a pet store?

You don't know where the animals came from. What if they were living in filth and their mothers were abused or neglected? They might have costly genetic (PDF), health and behaviour problems their entire lives. Learn more about good and bad breeders.
Many stores carry animals that they have no expertise or knowledge to care for. These animals are not given the Five Freedoms. Many just want a safe place to hide and rest and enough space and things to do. Often, cramped housing conditions don’t meet even their most basic needs.
When animals are transported to the pet store, they are often in cramped containers. Many animals, especially small animals like fish and gerbils, will die during transport.
If you buy from a pet store, you are creating a space for another animal to be brought in, continuing a cycle of pain and suffering.

What happens to pet store animals who aren’t sold?

Just like with inventory in retail, animals go on sale. If the animal is marked down and no one purchases her, the store may give the animal away or try to return her to the breeder. After a very low cost sale of an animal that has high care costs, the store will think twice and will not purchase another, be it a puppy, turtle or gecko. Cute rat in cage with hands over bars looking over opening of cage

Are you worried about the well-being of an animal you saw in a pet store?

If you believe an animal you have seen may be in distress, call the BC SPCA Provincial Call Centre at 1-855-622-7722.

Question 29

​What is animal abuse?

Accepted Answer

An animal is in distress, according to the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Act (PCA Act), if it is:

(a) Deprived of adequate food, water, shelter, ventilation, light, space, exercise, care or veterinary treatment,

(a.1) Kept in conditions that are unsanitary,

(a.2) Not protected from excessive heat or cold,

(b) Injured, sick, in pain or suffering, or

(c) Abused or neglected.

Get more information on animals in distress and how you can help report animal cruelty. Sad dog lying down outdoors in the snow

Question 30

​What are the Five Freedoms?

Accepted Answer

The BC SPCA believes that all animals should enjoy, as a minimum, five essential freedoms, which were first described by the Farm Animal Welfare Council of the UK:

Freedom from hunger and thirst
Freedom from pain, injury and disease
Freedom from distress
Freedom from discomfort
Freedom to express behaviours that promote well-being

Happy mixed breed dog lying down being pet by smiling woman

What does animal welfare mean?

The objectives of the BC SPCA are to prevent cruelty and to promote the welfare of animals. Animal welfare means an animal's quality of life, and it is affected by animals' physical health and the feelings they experience. Animals experience good welfare when they are able to experience positive feelings (arising from pleasurable activities and the fulfillment of behavioural needs) and when they are free from poor physical health and negative feelings (such as pain, discomfort, hunger, thirst, fear and frustration). Animals that are healthy, pain-free, comfortable and unstressed are said to have good welfare.

Close up shot of cute wild common barn owl with sideways tilted head

Question 31

​What kind of shelter is adequate for a dog outside?

Accepted Answer

Dogs are social animals who like being around people and, in many cases, other dogs. If they live outdoors this often means they live in isolation. Dogs left outdoors must have an outdoor kennel that is weather and draft proof.

Kennel must be:

Elevated
Insulated - both walls and flooring
Lined with lots of dry bedding (use straw versus hay; straw is dried out and hollow while hay is moist and will mold)
Checked regularly to make sure bedding is dry
Have an entrance that protects the dog from wind, rain and snow
Fresh water in a spill-proof bowl must always be available. If the weather hits sub-zero temperatures, you should purchase a heated water bowl.

A social species, even outdoor dogs need to get daily exercise, play and time with people. Learn how to transition a dog living outdoors to living inside.

Question 32

How do I report animal cruelty?

Accepted Answer

If you're concerned that an animal may be in distress, call us. Your actions could help save an animal, and you may also be protecting children or adults at risk of being harmed. [text-blocks id="60025" slug="locations-call-centre-hours"] Cute ginger coloured cat lying down on cat perch post looking into lens

Cute ginger coloured cat lying down on cat perch post looking into lens

How the BC SPCA can help animals in distress

Our Special Provincial Constables respond to all complaints of animal cruelty and neglect, and can get involved whenever any animal, with the exception of species at risk or wildlife that are not in captivity, is found in distress. In severe cases, they may seize animals and recommend animal cruelty charges. Review our stats at a glance. Sad tethered up dog on a chain in a wooden kennel

Sad tethered up dog on a chain in a wooden kennel

How to recognize an animal in distress

An animal is in distress, according to the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Act (PCA Act), if it is:

(a) Deprived of adequate food, water, shelter, ventilation, light, space, exercise, care or veterinary treatment,

(a.1) Kept in conditions that are unsanitary,

(a.2) Not protected from excessive heat or cold,

(b) Injured, sick, in pain or suffering, or

(c) Abused or neglected.

The following examples may help you to recognize signs that an animal is in distress and needs help. Warning: graphic photos are included and viewer discretion is advised.

Cruelty to Farm Animals

Cases where farm animals suffer as a result of "generally accepted management practices" cannot be prosecuted under the PCA Act. However, people who allow their farm animals to be in distress as a result of inadequate basic care can be prosecuted.

Learn more about the BC SPCA's Farm Animal Welfare programs, and how the BC SPCA is working to improve the standards of care for farm animals.

Question 33

​Why can't the BC SPCA tell us more about ongoing cruelty investigations?

Accepted Answer

The BC SPCA is not able to provide details on active investigations into animal cruelty cases, as doing so may compromise any potential charges or other legal actions we may take.

<img class="aligncenter size-full-width wp-image-54107" src="https://spca.bc.ca/wp-content/uploads/cid-male-officer-rescuing-senior-dog-5-825x549.jpg" alt="animal cruelty officer rescuing neglected senior dog" width="825" height="549" />

Question 34

​How is the BC SPCA different from Animal Control Services?

Accepted Answer

The BC SPCA is the only animal welfare organization that can investigate animal cruelty as established by the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Act and the Constitution and Bylaws of the Society (PDF). We are guided by our Code of Ethics (PDF). Cruelty Investigation Officers

Animal Control agencies enforce city/municipal animal by-laws and, in some cities/municipalities, operate their own shelter. By-laws may include stray dogs, leash laws and licensing. In some BC SPCA shelters, we are contracted by the city/municipality to enforce the by-laws or kennel stray dogs and/or cats. Find your local shelter to determine what services we provide in your community. Please call the BC SPCA Provincial Call Centre at 1-855-622-7722 to report animal cruelty.

Question 35

Can I remain anonymous when reporting animal cruelty?

Accepted Answer

Yes. When you make a report with one of our call centre operators, let them know that you would like to report anonymously and they will not take your personal information.

All of our calls are confidential and the only time your information could be released is in the event of a court order, legal proceedings or if we ask you to provide a statement so that we can obtain a search warrant.

Providing us with your contact information allows our animal protection officers to contact you with additional questions, if necessary. If you wish to be contacted regarding the outcome of the investigation, we can only do so if we have your contact information, otherwise no follow-up information will be available to you at any time.

<img class="aligncenter size-full-width wp-image-28892" src="https://spca.bc.ca/wp-content/uploads/news-havanese-45-victoria-medical-emergency-cruelty-after-825x717.jpg" alt="" width="825" height="717" />

Question 36

​What is the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Act (PCA Act)?

Accepted Answer

The Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Act (PCA Act) is the provincial animal welfare legislation that outlines required standards of care. The BC SPCA was created under the auspices of the PCA Act, and that's what gives it the power to investigate and take action on animal cruelty cases. It also details the BC SPCA's constitution and powers of inspection and enforcement.

The BC SPCA is the only animal welfare organization in B.C. with the authority to enforce laws related to animal cruelty. In 2008, we successfully campaigned for amendments to the Act that significantly increased protection for abused and neglected animals in B.C. We continue to propose and support amendments to strengthen the Act. For example, in July 2015, the B.C. Ministry of Agriculture announced a new regulation to adopt the Codes of Practice for the Care and Handling of Dairy Cattle into the PCA Act, specifically outlining what is considered a 'generally accepted practice'. The inclusion of the Codes complemented our work with the BC Dairy Association, the BC Milk Marketing Board and the dairy industry to improve the welfare of dairy cattle.

In February 2017, the BC SPCA applauded the government of B.C's move to target irresponsible dog and cat breeders. The proposed amendments to the PCA Act would enable the B.C. government to regulate commercial breeders through either a registration or licensing system that will help ensure commercial cat and dog breeders are treating animals with the respect and care they deserve.

Question 37

​How do I become a cruelty investigator?

Accepted Answer

Investigating reports of animal cruelty and seizing animals in distress is both rewarding and challenging. It's a job that requires a unique set of skills and the right personality type. The best way to find out if it's the right job for you is to start by working in a BC SPCA shelter to gain experience shadowing Special Provincial Constables and participate in initial investigations. Currently, we employ [text-blocks id="10716" slug="number-cid-constables" plain="1"] throughout the province. Should an opening become available, the job opportunity will be posted on our website. To learn more, download a description of qualifications, experience and skills required to become a Special Provincial Constable (PDF) with the BC SPCA.

Question 38

What happens when someone files a cruelty complaint?

Accepted Answer

Step 1 - Gathering information

When the BC SPCA Provincial Call Centre (1-855-622-7722) receives a cruelty complaint, a call centre operator will gather information from the caller, including but not limited to:

The caller's name, phone number and address (this information is kept confidential): While we do accept anonymous reports, contact information is very important in the event that the animal protection officer who investigates the complaint has any questions or difficulty locating the property. Also, if legal action is pursued, we may require a statement.
The person of interest's information: Address and name (if known) as well as physical description and whether the caller believes they might be violent.
A detailed description of the animal(s) and the concerns. Also location of animals if different from the person of interest’s address.
Date and time of the incident or when the animal was last observed.

All of these questions are necessary to ensure we provide the animal protection officers with as much information as possible to assist them in their investigation.

Step 2 - Investigating the complaint

An animal protection officer will review the complaint and attend the premises. Our response time will depend on the number and priority of calls at the time, as well as the location of the animals reported. The officers will attend as soon as they are able, however it is important to remember that the BC SPCA is a non-profit organization with only 30 full time officers for the whole province. If the animal protection officer attends and finds the complaint to be unfounded, we will close the file with no further action. If the complaint is valid and there are animals in distress, the officer must give the owner the opportunity to relieve the distress within a reasonable period of time. In doing so the officer would issue the owner with notice(s).

Step 3 - Resolving the issue

If the owner complies within the provided time period, we will close the file. If the owner does not comply within the time period, the animal protection officer may either issue new notices, provide additional time (depending on the circumstances) or apply for a warrant to seize the animal(s). Dog from puppy mill cruelty before and after

Dog from puppy mill cruelty before and after

Question 39

​How does the BC SPCA help horses?

Accepted Answer

Horses and farm animals come into the BC SPCA's care through cruelty investigations. Sadly, they are usually in poor condition. In many cases they require extensive nutritional and medical rehabilitation due to starvation and health issues. The BC SPCA has the extremely difficult challenge of finding care for these horses and adopting them out to experienced, permanent homes. In 2015 the Cruelty Investigations Department opened the Good Shepherd Barn in Cloverdale and the Kelowna Recovery and Adoption Barn to accommodate horses and farm animals involved in cruelty investigations. A third farm animal facility is being planned for Nanaimo. The BC SPCA does not have the resources to take in surrendered horses and farm animals at this time. We rely heavily on donations to provide foster homes and boarding facilities for horses in our care. Other expenses include food, veterinary and farrier care during rehabilitation and recovery from injuries or illness. person walking with horse outside

Question 40

Is tail docking or ear cropping of dogs legal in B.C.?

Accepted Answer

Definitions

Ear cropping: the removal of part or all of the ear of a dog Tail docking: the removal of part or all of the tail of a dog In 2016, the College of Veterinarians of British Columbia voted to disallow their membership to crop ears or dock tails of dogs for cosmetic purposes. In accordance with section 231 of the CVBC Ethics and Standards (PDF), these procedures may only be done to treat injury or disease. As such, if a veterinarian performed these procedures outside of to treat injury and disease, they would be in breach of their ethics and standards and also potentially in breach of the Criminal Code and Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Act (the “PCA Act”). It is the position of the BC SPCA that unless medically required the cosmetic docking of tail or cropping of ears without the use of anesthetics or analgesia causes pain or suffering as reported by both the CVBC and CVMA. Complaints of tail docking and ear cropping may be investigated and provided they meet the charge approval standard as set out by the Crown, recommendations for charges pursuant to either the Criminal Code of Canada or the provincial Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Act will be forwarded to Crown Counsel. Dobberman with cropped ears and docked tail

Dobberman with cropped ears and docked tail

Tail docking and ear cropping cause unnecessary pain, suffering and/or injury to a dog when the procedures are not medically necessary to treat injury or disease. Recent studies (Mellor, 2018) demonstrate that dogs who have had their tails docked display signs of chronic pain and heightened pain sensitivity. The tail and ears also play a significant role in communication for canines, both with other dogs and to humans. Docked tails have been shown to result in more frequent aggressive encounters with other dogs. Tail and ear activity are closely linked with other dog behaviours and allow dogs to signal both negative and positive emotions, moods and intentions.

Question 41

​Why does the BC SPCA allow animal guardians under investigation to keep their animals?

Accepted Answer

The BC SPCA has a legal obligation to provide animal guardians with "an opportunity to relieve the animal's distress." The objective of every investigation is to relieve and prevent the distress of an animal through education, cooperation and, if necessary, prosecution under the law. Initially, an investigator may issue notices to a guardian that he must seek medical attention for his animal. Notices can also apply to an animal's environment, such as building a raised and insulated shelter. The investigator will give the animal guardian a time-frame for compliance, and if he or she fails to comply with notices, the investigator can either issue further notices allowing the guardian more time, or apply for a search warrant to seize the animal. Acting under the law, the BC SPCA is not empowered to remove animals from private property without a search warrant unless those animals would not survive without immediate medical intervention. Animals may be lacking adequate food, shelter and veterinary care, or even be sick and in pain, but unless they are in immediate danger of dying they are not in critical distress under the law. Sad tethered up dog on a chain in a wooden kennel

Question 42

​What are generally accepted practices of animal management?

Accepted Answer

The Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Act outlines generally accepted practices of animal management as a reason by which distress is legally acceptable. Generally accepted practices of animal management are ways of handling or caring for animals that are commonly accepted by society. Sometimes these practices still cause pain, suffering and distress to animals. If the practices haven't been written down in any official document, it is up to experts like veterinarians and leaders in the relevant industry (such as animal farming, sled dogs, animal breeding or horse racing) to give expert testimony in court when there is an animal neglect or cruelty case. Animals are better represented when practices are written and agreed to by a committee of experts that includes animal welfare experts. We call these documents 'Standards' or 'Codes of Practice'.

Question 43

​I saw a dog in the back of a pick-up truck, what do I do?

Accepted Answer

Section 72 of the BC Motor Vehicle Act and Section 9.3 of the PCA Act prohibit the transport of an unsecured pet in the back of a pick-up truck. It is against the law and dangerous for a pet. If you see a dog that is unattached in the back of a pick-up truck, call 911. Record the information about the vehicle so that you have it on hand for your call:

Licence plate number
Make and model of vehicle
Description of dog

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jy_JNtlfb7g

What is the best way to secure a pet in a vehicle?

Unrestrained pets are a major distraction to drivers and can cause vehicle collisions. In a crash, pets become flying objects and can cause serious injury to themselves and others.

Put the dog inside the vehicle with you and use a secured crate or a dog seatbelt to restrain your pet.
If you must transport your pet in the back of a truck, the safest method is in a secured crate in the centre of your truck box.

Find out more about transporting your pet safely. [caption id="attachment_1452" align="aligncenter" width="825"] Happy dog restrained in crate in the back of a truck

Happy dog restrained in crate in the back of a truck

The correct way to transport a dog in a pick-up truck: Dog is inside a secured crate.[/caption]

Question 44

​Is it legal to chain your dog in B.C.?

Accepted Answer

If you suspect an animal is in distress, call the BC SPCA Provincial Call Centre: 1-855-622-7722. A BC SPCA Special Provincial Constable will follow up on the complaint and have educational materials to help owners transition their dog inside. If the animal is found to be in distress, the constable will issue notices to the owner. Sad dog outdoors tethered on a chain

Outdoor dogs and distress

When our Animal Protection Officers visit a property, they must determine if the animal is in distress. The definition of distress is covered under the legislation that governs the BC SPCA, the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Act (PCA Act):

deprived of adequate food, water, shelter, ventilation, light, space, exercise or veterinary care
- kept in conditions that are unsanitary
- not protected from excessive heat or cold
injured, sick, in pain or suffering, or
abused or neglected

"Adequate" can be a subjective term. Officers use the following definitions to help clarify the term:

Adequate water: Access to clean, potable drinking water at all times
Adequate food: A sufficient quantity of suitable food to allow for normal growth and the maintenance of normal body weight and food receptacles that are clean, disinfected and located as to avoid contamination by excreta
Adequate shelter: A properly constructed shelter that ensures protection from heat, cold and dampness, and is appropriate to the weight and protective outer coat of the animal.

Learn more about municipal bylaws for chained and outdoor animals in B.C.

Question 45

​Why don't animal abusers go to jail?

Accepted Answer

While the BC SPCA is the only animal welfare organization in BC that can recommend charges under both the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Act (PCA Act) and the Criminal Code of Canada, it is up to Crown Counsel to prosecute and for the judge to determine sentencing upon conviction.

Penalties for individuals convicted under the PCA Act or Criminal Code are as follows:

A person who commits an offence under the PCA Act is liable on conviction to a fine not exceeding $75,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding two years, or to both.
Under the Criminal Code, a person who commits an offence directly related to one of the sections on animals: is guilty of an indictable offence and liable to imprisonment for a term of not more than five years; or an offence punishable on summary conviction and liable to a fine not exceeding $10,000 or to imprisonment for a term of not more than 18 months or to both.

Question 46

​Why do you need a warrant?

Accepted Answer

As BC SPCA Special Provincial Constables enforce the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Act (PCA Act), they must act in accordance with the legislation. The PCA Act does not permit BC SPCA Special Provincial Constables to search for evidence or remove animals without a warrant. Many investigations can be conducted without a search warrant. Upon respectful request, animal guardians will usually permit us to view their animals and, if the animals are in distress, guardians often comply with notices provided.

It is only when our Special Provincial Constables are denied access to the animals, or if the guardians are unable or unwilling to comply with notices and relieve the distress of the animals, that it is necessary to obtain a search warrant. In order for a warrant to be granted, there must be reasonable grounds to do so and there must be animals in distress or an offence committed against them. The only time BC SPCA Special Provincial Constables may remove an animal without a warrant is when the animal is in critical distress and not located within a dwelling house. PCA Act: Authority to enter without a warrant

14 (1) In this section, "critical distress" means distress in an animal of such a nature that (a) immediate veterinary treatment cannot prolong the animal's life, (b) prolonging the animal's life would result in the animal suffering unduly, or (c) immediate veterinary intervention is necessary to prevent the imminent death of the animal. (2) An authorized agent who believes on reasonable grounds that there is an animal in critical distress in any premises, other than a dwelling house, or in any vehicle, aircraft or vessel, may enter the premises, vehicle, aircraft or vessel without a warrant for the purpose of taking any action authorized by this Act to relieve that critical distress.

Further, the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms states that everyone has the right to be secure against unreasonable search and seizure. If the BC SPCA performed an unreasonable search, it would have serious consequences for the outcome of the case, the animal(s) involved and the Special Provincial Constables performing the search. Sad dog, alone and tethered with a chain outdoors

Sad dog, alone and tethered with a chain outdoors

Question 47

Is reporting animal cruelty safe and confidential?

Accepted Answer

Yes. All calls are kept confidential and our animal protection officers will not release your information to the person you are reporting.

The only time your information could be released is in the event of a court order, legal proceedings or if we ask you to provide a statement to obtain a search warrant.

Providing us with your contact information allows our animal protection officers to contact you with additional questions, if necessary. If you wish to be contacted regarding the outcome of the investigation, we can only do so if we have your contact information, otherwise no follow-up information will be available to you at any time.

<img class="aligncenter size-full-width wp-image-44907" src="https://spca.bc.ca/wp-content/uploads/news-cruelty-langley-horses-e1548700300283-825x629.jpg" alt="" width="825" height="629" />

Question 48

​Why can't the BC SPCA close a facility when the treatment of animals is in question?

Accepted Answer

The BC SPCA does not have the lawful authority to close facilities, businesses or operations. Our Special Constables must investigate in accordance with the PCA Act and follow procedures and protocols for investigation, which include working with the owners to relieve animals of any distress. If the owners are unable or unwilling to relieve distress, our constables may apply for a warrant to seize the animals.

Question 49

​If there isn't enough evidence to seize animals what can be done?

Accepted Answer

If the animals in question are not in distress or the owner has taken the necessary steps to relieve the distress, the BC SPCA has no lawful authority to remove the animals.

The animal protection officer may check back in with the owners to view the animals within a set time period, however our officers cannot continually monitor a particular animal (and owner) without reasonable grounds to do so. We rely on members of the public to be our eyes and ears and to report concerns to us if/when they observe any animals in distress.

<img class="aligncenter wp-image-10630 size-full-width" src="https://spca.bc.ca/wp-content/uploads/dog-sad-trapped-in-chained-cage-outdoors-yard-825x321.jpg" alt="" width="825" height="321" />

Question 50

What happens with seized animals? How can you get seized animals back?

Accepted Answer

When the BC SPCA seizes an animal, the animal guardian is provided with a Notice of Disposition, which details the procedure for disputing the seizure. Anyone wishing to dispute a seizure must do so in writing within 14 days of receiving the Notice of Disposition. If the animal guardian does not dispute the seizure within 14 days, the BC SPCA will gain custody of the animal. However, the animal guardian will be responsible for the costs of care of the animal while in our care.

If the animal guardian disputes the seizure, the BC SPCA's Chief Prevention and Enforcement Officer will review and consider the case, and will decide whether to return the animal (based on the animal’s best interests) under some type of care agreement.

If the decision is made to refuse to return the animal, the animal guardian has the right to appeal the decision to the BC Farm Industry Review Board.

Question 51

​How does the BC SPCA decide which cases it should recommend cruelty charges in?

Accepted Answer

The BC SPCA derives its powers to investigate and take action in instances of animal cruelty from the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Act (PCA Act). We are the only animal welfare organization in BC that has the authority to enforce laws relating to animal cruelty. Our Cruelty Investigations team can also recommend charges under both the PCA Act as well as the Criminal Code of Canada to Crown Counsel for the prosecution of individuals who inflict suffering on animals. In order for us to recommend charges to Crown Counsel, it must be in the public’s interest to prosecute, and there must be a substantial likelihood of conviction. Ultimately, it is Crown Counsel’s decision on whether or not charges are pursued. Sad dog outdoors tethered on a chain

Question 52

​How do you enforce a ban on owning animals?

Accepted Answer

A ban (or prohibition) on owning animals is one of the most effective ways to prevent someone who has been convicted of animal cruelty from simply acquiring more animals. Prohibitions are enforced in part through public reporting and in part through BC SPCA Special Constable monitoring. Given the media attention that often follows a person's conviction of animal cruelty and ban on owning animals, we often find that neighbours or people living in the same community as the former animal owner are more than happy to report to us should this person obtain new animals. Our constables also do random inspections when possible. If you are aware of someone who has a ban and you know that they also own or care for an animal, please call the BC SPCA Provincial Call Centre: 1-855-622-7722. Learn more about our cruelty investigations.

Question 53

What is the solution to pet overpopulation?

Accepted Answer

In just seven years, one unspayed cat and her offspring can produce over 450,000 cats (average litter of three, twice a year). In seven years, one dog and her offspring can produce over 4,000 dogs (average litter of 4, once a year)! [text-blocks id="832" slug="number-of-animal-cruelty-investigations" plain="1"] You can help stop the cycle:

Have your own pet spayed or neutered.
Encourage friends, family and neighbours to have their animals spayed and neutered.
Sponsor the spaying and neutering of a shelter animal.
Volunteer to do adoption follow-up at your BC SPCA shelter to ensure people who have adopted animals have complied with the spay/neuter requirement in their adoption agreement.

Question 54

Why don’t some SPCA Certified farms have your logo on their products?

Accepted Answer

A farm must first be certified in the SPCA Certified program in order to be allowed to use the SPCA Certified label (the little red barn logo and claim statement) on certified food products. To become certified, the farm must undergo an annual on-farm assessment and third-party review to ensure compliance with SPCA Certified program standards (i.e. the program requirements).

The Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA) has approved use of the SPCA Certified label by SPCA Certified farmers on their certified products. However, certified farmers are not required to use the label, and some of them choose not to for various reasons. The BC SPCA continues to work with SPCA Certified farmers to incorporate the program label on their certified product packaging, and continues to assist them in promoting their products via other channels (e.g. farm signs, websites). To ensure the highest animal welfare standards are being met on farm, your best bet is to ask for, and look for, the SPCA Certified label on food products. Get a list of current SPCA Certified farms.

Question 55

I need help finding higher-welfare food

Accepted Answer

Free-run, free-range, all natural, animal-friendly...these labels all sound good, but are the animals actually treated well? How would you know? The BC SPCA works to empower consumers to choose higher-welfare food products, and recognizes farmers who make a difference for how farm animals are raised. Here's how you can keep farm animal welfare at the top of your grocery list! Download and print our informational brochure on meat, egg and dairy labels to use while shopping

BEST: Choose a certified label

Third-party animal welfare certifications such as those listed below audit their farms often to verify the farmer is raising animals to a higher standard of animal welfare than what is commonly done in the farming industry. Third-party certifications ensure you get what you pay for when it comes to animal care.

Animal Welfare Approved (AWA)

Animal Welfare Approved, by A Greener World, requires animals to be free from confinement housing (like cages for egg-laying hens), have outdoor access, and have the ability to engage in positive natural behaviours.

Certified Humane

Certified Humane products come from animals who are not overcrowded in confinement systems (like cages for egg-laying hens). The standards are upheld through annual inspections conducted by species experts. There are third-party independent inspections of all farms, ranches and slaughter facilities. Certified Humane products can be found at Choices Markets, Nester Market, Safeway and Whole Foods.

Global Animal Partnership (GAP)

GAP is a 5-step animal welfare rating program. Higher steps (3 and up) require farms to meet strict welfare standards. Lower steps (1-2) facilitate the transition of conventional farms to higher standards, but allow some harmful practices during the transition. GAP foods are most commonly found at Whole Foods Market.

Certified Organic

The organic label has more to do with the inputs that go into raising the

animals - for example, no GMO's, herbicides, pesticides or medications are permitted. The focus is on 'natural'. Organic certification has some animal welfare requirements, such as outdoor access for farm animals, though animal welfare is not the main focus of this certification. Organic certification does ban some of the most concerning industry practices like housing egg-laying hens in cages. Be sure to look for the organic label on the product, as some farms make the claim they are organic but don't actually obtain the certification. Certified Organic food can be found at most grocery stores.

GOOD: Animal welfare labels

These labels are not third-party certified, but do mean the animals were raised to higher animal welfare standards. Cage-free: Animals are not housed in cages, crates or stalls. Cage-free usually applies to egg-laying hens or eggs, but may also apply to pigs or pork (sometimes called 'crate-free' or 'stall-free' for pork). Did you know cage-free eggs may be healthier for you? Free-run: Animals are raised cage-free and indoors. This label is only applicable to egg-laying hens, but not turkeys or chickens raised for meat. All Canadian turkeys and broiler chickens are raised free-run. This label is not applicable to pork as only parent pigs are housed in crates or stalls, not the young pigs that become pork chops and bacon. [caption id="attachment_80063" align="aligncenter" width="825"]

From left to right: caged laying hens, free-run laying hens (cage-free), free-range laying hens (cage-free)[/caption] [caption id="attachment_80692" align="aligncenter" width="825"]

Breeding female pigs housed in gestation stalls (left), breeding female pigs raised cage-free with outdoor access (right)

Breeding female pigs housed in gestation stalls (left) and stall-free (right)[/caption] [caption id="attachment_6100" align="aligncenter" width="825"]

Free-run meat chickens. This is the standard housing system for chickens raised for meat.[/caption] Free-range: Animals are raised cage-free with outdoor access when the weather is good. The quality of the outdoor area varies widely and the amount of time the animals get to spend outdoors is not monitored. If you see this label on pork, be sure to ask whether the parent pigs are housed in stalls/crates, or if they are allowed to roam outside too. [caption id="attachment_80082" align="aligncenter" width="595"]

Free-range meat chickens[/caption] Pasture-raised / Pastured: Animals are raised cage-free outdoors on pasture. However, this claim is unregulated, so it may not mean the animals spent their whole lives on pasture. Grass-fed, or grass-fed and finished: Animals have access to pasture and a diet made up of forages (grass and hay), but in Canada, the grass-fed claim is not regulated. If you see the grass-fed label used on beef or sheep products, be sure to ask if they were 100% grass-fed and finished, meaning they were raised solely on grass, never grains. Some animals are raised on pasture then sent to a feedlot where they are fed grains or corn to fatten them up before slaughter. Grain/corn is not a natural diet for cattle and sheep and can lead to a host of animal welfare problems, like severe gut pain. [caption id="attachment_80092" align="aligncenter" width="825"]

Cattle in a feedlot (left) and cattle on pasture (right)[/caption]

AVOID: Misleading claims

Avoid claims that vaguely imply animal welfare benefits but actually provide little or no improvements, and no certification to verify the claim. Such labels include:

- All-natural/naturally-raised
- Farm/country fresh
- Enriched colony, Comfort Coop or nest-laid eggs
- Animal-friendly
- Non-medicated
- Antibiotic-free
- Hormone-free
- Vegetable-fed
- Grain-fed
- Born-3 (Omega-3) eggs
- Animal Care Certified
  - Farms meet the minimum animal care requirements outlined in the Canadian Codes of Practice, therefore animals are not raised to higher standards

Learn about the top seven most confusing and misleading food labels.

What are you paying for?

By purchasing higher-welfare foods, you avoid conventional farming systems, which can have many animal welfare issues. You are choosing to support animal welfare benefits such as:

- Cage-free systems
- Enriching environments
- Expression of natural animal behaviours
- Transparency in animal production
- Any many more

What can you do?

Look for an animal welfare certification
Talk to your local grocer and ask for certified products to be available in store
Choose "GOOD" products when certified products are unavailable
Avoid purchasing products raised using inhumane practices (e.g. caged eggs, foie gras)
Shop your local farmers' market, ask questions, and visit the farms when possible

Subscribe to FarmSense newsletter

FarmSense is delivered four times a year and includes news about farm animal welfare, research and updates on what the BC SPCA is doing to help further animal welfare in Canada. [ls_content_block id="42829"]

Question 56

​What do Canada's organic standards mean for animal welfare?

Accepted Answer

The Canadian Organic Standards outline minimum animal welfare expectations for Certified Organic farmers. The BC SPCA is extremely committed to improving welfare standards for animals living on organic farms in Canada. A 2015 update of the standards included important improvements for animal welfare such as banning crates for pigs and banning tethering for cows. In September 2018, the next revision process got underway, with completion of the next Organic Standard anticipated to occur in November 2020. The draft standards opened for public comment on July 2, 2019. The BC SPCA commented on the standards and asked you to support our comments and/or add your own. The many comments are now being reviewed by the development committee and we are hopeful that further improvements will be made. Learn how the BC SPCA is involved in the revision process.

The BC SPCA will continue to collaborate with organic associations across Canada on improving farm animal welfare in organic production systems. The BC SPCA also operates its own in-house farm certification and food labeling program, SPCA Certified, with the aim of further improving animal welfare on farms. The SPCA Certified and organic certification programs are complementary. Learn how they compare (PDF).

Question 57

​Why can't I find SPCA Certified milk?

Accepted Answer

Dairy products have presented a challenge to our SPCA Certified program because of the way milk is collected. A bulk milk truck collects milk from many farms, pooling (combining) all of the milk into the same tank before bringing it to the processor where it may be pooled again before packaging. In addition, the processor does not have control over which farm’s milk it receives.

Under this system, dairy products from certified and non-certified farms cannot be distinguished, and therefore, cannot be labeled as SPCA Certified. To solve this issue, a number of farms need to sign on to a program and work with a milk processor and the BC Milk Marketing Board to implement a system where specific tanker trucks are designated to pick up milk from certified farms. To jump start this, consumers need to ask for a specialty milk product (like SPCA Certified), giving the processor reason to initiate the discussion with the Milk Marketing Board and the farmers.

This happened with organic dairy products, which is the reason you see more of them in the grocery store. Organic dairy producers have their own milk trucks to prevent mixing of organic milk with non-organic milk, but again, the truck collects milk from many organic farms before emptying the tank. SPCA Certified farmers want to be able to label their milk and other dairy products as such, but since it can't be separated from the other non-SPCA-Certified milk, it is not possible unless the farmer processes his/her own milk into fluid milk products, cheeses, butter, etc. To date, the dairy industry has not been willing to designate separate trucks to only a few SPCA Certified dairy farms. So, to produce SPCA Certified labelled milk and other dairy products, we would need to certify a larger group of producers whose milk would go into the same truck. Another challenge is the requirement that all SPCA Certified dairy cattle have access to pasture or a deep bedded pack, because many dairy farms currently are not set up that way. The large majority of non-organic dairy farms do not let their cows outside, nor do they have any pasture land or barns that can accommodate a bedded pack. Only organic dairy farms are required to let their cows outside, and even then, it doesn’t have to be every day. Some organic dairy cows are still housed tied up in stalls.

The SPCA Certified program has contacted the organic dairy industry to determine the level of interest in having organic cattle become SPCA Certified as well, since they are already collecting organic milk with separate tanker trucks. To date, there has been no success in these efforts. Food from farms certified for animal welfare practices are a niche market that a pooled milk system is not set up for. Until we can find a way to keep certified milk separate (like they do with organic milk), the system is better suited to cheeses, yogurts and other dairy products that can be processed separately and do not need to be pooled together.

Question 58

Is the BC SPCA a vegan organization?

Accepted Answer

While the BC SPCA regularly works in partnership with animal rights organizations, and we enjoy a mutual respect for each other’s work, our philosophies differ. The BC SPCA is an animal welfare organization, not an animal rights organization. The goal of animal rights organizations is to end all use of animals by humans, including use of animals for food, clothing, in entertainment, in research and as pets. As an animal welfare organization, the BC SPCA acknowledges that many Canadians rely on domesticated farm animals for food. Our farm programming exists to improve the lives of animals being raised on farms to ensure they reach the end of their lives as peacefully as possible. We encourage people who choose a diet consisting of meats, dairy products or eggs to choose only products raised to the highest standards of animal welfare.

The SPCA Certified program is an evidence-based program developed by the BC SPCA to ensure that animals raised for food are treated as humanely as possible throughout their lives via the five freedoms outlined in the BC SPCA mission statement. Leading by example, our internal BC SPCA food policy ensures that only qualifying higher welfare animal products are served at BC SPCA events, and that vegan and vegetarian foods are available.

Question 59

​What is the SPCA Certified program?

Accepted Answer

The SPCA Certified program is a farm certification and food-labeling program

dedicated to improving the lives of farm animals raised for food in Canada. Products labeled with the “little red barn” logo come from farms that are annually assessed to SPCA Certified farm animal welfare standards by trained, independent validators. SPCA Certified farmers do not use confinement housing (e.g. cages for chickens), they provide enrichment to the animals' environment and they ensure painful practices like dehorning and castration (neutering) are minimized or eliminated. Learn more about the SPCA Certified program.

Question 60

​Does the BC SPCA condone ritual slaughter? (e.g. halal, kosher)

Accepted Answer

The BC SPCA supports the initiative to establish evidence-based standards and clear expectations for the practice of slaughter without prior stunning. Nonetheless, since slaughter without prior stunning has been scientifically demonstrated to cause unnecessary suffering, the BC SPCA position is that governments should take more substantial action by eliminating the practice in Canada, or at the very least, by requiring immediate post-cut stunning of every animal. The BC SPCA believes that the methods used to kill any animal must be humane. Read more about the BC SPCA’s position on humane killing and farm animal welfare. Unfortunately, our constables have no inspection powers in slaughterhouses and can only attend to investigate if we receive complaints from someone who has witnessed animal cruelty directly. Also, because these ritual slaughter practices are legally permitted under B.C.’s and Canada’s meat processing laws, they are also effectively exempt from prosecution under the B.C. Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Act, as they constitute “reasonable and generally accepted practices.” Developments began in 2016 to create national standards to address this issue and a public consultation period was held in early 2017 to gather feedback on the proposal. The BC SPCA was told that our position statement on the issue was considered, and we will continue to fight for tougher standards to prevent suffering of these animals. This is an issue that would be really important for government to hear from you on personally. We suggest writing to the Provincial and Federal Agriculture Ministers and copying in your local MLA and MP. It’s always really important that they hear directly from their constituents on these issues.

Question 61

​My adoption isn't working out. Can I return my pet?

Accepted Answer

We are sorry to hear that your adopted animal is not working out. Please don't feel bad! Please contact the BC SPCA location from which you adopted the animal and the staff can make arrangements for you to bring your animal back. You will be asked to fill in some information that will help us to find the animal a new home. Cute small rabbit half out of a tunnel

Question 62

​I am leaving an abusive situation, can you take my pets until I get back on my feet?

Accepted Answer

Yes, some BC SPCA shelters may be able to provide temporary care for your pets under certain emergency circumstances. Please contact your local BC SPCA Branch to discuss your situation. Please note that our ability to help you may be affected by the current number of animals in our care and the resources available at the shelter. Dog looking sad giving puppy dog eyes while being held and hugged by a girl indoors

Dog looking sad giving puppy dog eyes while being held and hugged by a girl indoors

Question 63

Can I temporarily give my animal to the BC SPCA?

Accepted Answer

Yes, some BC SPCA shelters may be able to provide temporary care for your pets under certain emergency circumstances. Contact your local shelter to discuss options, including how they can help. Please note that our ability to help you may be affected by the current number of animals in our care and the resources available at the shelter.

Question 64

A relative died. What do we do with their pet?

Accepted Answer

Our sympathies for the loss of your loved one. If there is an animal left after a death, you have a few options including trying to find a new home for the animal. If you need the help with that, a local BC SPCA shelter may be able to help you. person holding dog outside sunny

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